Place a rack in the centre of the oven and preheat to 375°F. For the pâte brisée, place the flour and salt in a food processor fitted with the metal blade, top with the butter. Pulse the machine to begin to incorporate the butter and flour and then run the machine until the butter and flour are evenly incorporated and no large pieces of butter are visible. With the machine running, drizzle in the ice water until the dough begins to come together.

Dust the work surface, where you will work with the dough, lightly with flour. Remove the dough from the food processor and bring it together using the heel of your hand. Do not over-knead the dough. Shape the dough into a 6-inch disc and refrigerate for at least 30 minutes to firm. Place a 12-inch square piece of cling film on the counter. Centre the dough on the film and roll the dough into a round that is approximately 10 1/2-inches in diameter and 3/8-inch thick. Place the cling film with the dough on a baking sheet. Invert the brasier over the dough and cut around the edge to form a 10-inch disk of dough. Remove the excess dough, cover the round with another piece of cling film and refrigerate for up to a day.

For the apples, spread the sugar in an even layer onto the bottom of the petite brasier. Distribute the butter over the sugar.

Peel the apples, and cut them lengthwise in half. Use a melon baller to remove the seeds. Cut away any remaining skin and stem. Stand the apples around the perimeter of the pan, all facing the same direction, to form a snug circle. You will probably be able to fit about 13 apple halves in the circle. Stand another 2 or 3 apple halves in the center of the pan. Take the remaining apple halves and place them over the center of the apples, cut side down. As the apples cook, they will shrink in size and make additional room in the tarte for these pieces to fit in.

Place the pan over medium heat. The sugar and butter will melt and combine with juices from the apple. Once this takes place, the heat can be increased to medium high. There will be a substantial amount of liquid in the pan and it will bubble up around the apples. Move the pan from time to time and carefully rotate the apples as a whole unit to keep them from sticking to the bottom of the pan. As the apples cook and shrink, making more room in the pan, fit in the pieces of apple that are resting on top. After about 15 minutes, sprinkle the tops of the apples with cinnamon, nutmeg and black pepper if desired.

Be patient as the liquid reduces and forms the caramel. It should take at least 30 minutes and depending upon the heat, it could take longer. The caramel will not darken once it is in the oven, so it is crucial that it reduces to a rich brown colour, however be careful not to burn it.

Remove the pan from the heat and place on a baking sheet. Remove the dough from the refrigerator and remove the top layer of film. Prick the top of the dough several times with a fork or pastry docker. Invert the dough over the pan. Remove the remaining cling film. Using a small spatula or knife, tuck the dough around the apples so that the dough fits within the pan.

Place in the oven and bake for about 50 to 55 minutes, or until the dough is cooked a rich golden brown. Remove the tarte from the oven and let it sit for about 10 minutes. Carefully invert a flat serving platter over the tarte and then flip the pan and platter over to unmold the tarte. If you are planning on reheating the tarte, be sure that the platter is oven-proof. Let the brasier sit over the platter for a minute to allow the apples to release. Remove the brasier. If any apples have shifted on the crust or remained in the pan, they can be rearranged or removed from the pan and set into place on the tarte. Use a small offset spatula to smooth the top and sides of the tarte and bring the apples to the edges of the dough, if necessary. The tarte is best eaten the same day it is made.

To serve, preheat the oven to 325°F. Place the tarte into the oven to reheat for about 5 minutes or until warm.

Meanwhile, for the whipped cream, crush the sugared almonds in a mortar with a pestle until finely ground. Whip the cream in a bowl set over an ice bath. When the cream holds its shape, whisk in half the almonds and set the remaining almonds aside.

Cut the tarte and place a wedge on each serving plate. Place a quenelle or dollop of the whipped cream to the side of each slice. Sprinkle the tarte and plate with the remaining almonds.

Sugared Almonds

Resist the temptation to drain these almonds on paper towels immediately after frying. They will stick to the paper towels.

Bring a small Copper-Core sauce pan of water to a boil. Place 1/2 inch of oil in a small sauté pan and bring the oil to 350°F. Place a baking sheet or tray near the oil. Dust the sides and bottom of a medium sized metal bowl with a generous coating of powdered sugar.

When the water is boiling, add the almonds and blanch for 10 seconds. Drain in a strainer and shake well to remove all excess water. Place the hot nuts in the bowl of sugar. Dust the top of the nuts with more sugar and swirl the pan to coat the nuts. Add another one or two dustings of sugar. Although the sugar will melt from the heat of the nuts, they should be visibly coated.

Depending on the size of the pan you are using, you may want to cook half the almonds at a time. Place the nuts in a skimmer or spider and carefully lower them into the hot oil, then pull them out, repeat once or twice to evaporate any water, which may cause the oil to spurt.

Move the almonds in the oil to brown evenly, then remove them with a skimmer or spider to drain, spreading them out on the baking sheet. Once cool, quickly drain the nuts on paper towels to remove any excess oil. Store the sugared almonds in an airtight container.

Makes a 1/2 cup